购物场景包含四大流程：浏览、询问、试穿/试用、付款；以及两个延伸场景：砍价和退换。中国学习者特别容易在"我就看看"和"砍价"上犯怵，本章把这两个难点拆透。
步骤 1：进店与浏览
"我就看看"——最难的开场
店员一进门就问 Can I help you?，中国学习者通常一愣，硬挤一句 "No" 显得粗鲁。正确的口语是：
| 中文意图 | 英文表达 | 语气 |
|---|---|---|
| 我就看看，谢谢。 | I'm just browsing, thanks. | 最常用 |
| 我先随便看看。 | I'm just looking around. | 同上 |
| 我看到再叫你，谢谢。 | I'll let you know if I need anything, thanks. | 礼貌切断 |
| 我先逛一下。 | Just window shopping. | 不一定真买 |
| 是的，能帮我吗？ | Actually, yes — could you help me? | 真要帮助时 |
主动询问
| 中文意图 | 英文表达 |
|---|---|
| 这个多少钱？ | How much is this? |
| 这个怎么卖？ | How much does this go for? |
| 有别的颜色吗？ | Do you have this in another color? |
| 有别的尺寸吗？ | Do you have this in a different size? |
| 有 M 码吗？ | Do you have this in medium? |
| 这个是新款吗？ | Is this the latest model? |
| 哪一款最受欢迎？ | Which one is the most popular? |
| 这个有保修吗？ | Does this come with a warranty? |
| 能给我看看那个吗？ | Could I take a look at that one? |
| 这是真皮吗？ | Is this real leather? |
| 含税吗？ | Does this include tax? |
| 这是什么材质？ | What's it made of? |
步骤 2：试穿（服装、鞋子）
| 中文意图 | 英文表达 |
|---|---|
| 我能试穿吗？ | Could I try this on? |
| 试衣间在哪？ | Where's the fitting room? |
| (试穿后) 不太合身。 | It doesn't quite fit. |
| 有点紧。 | It's a bit tight. |
| 有点松。 | It's a bit loose. |
| (肩部) 太紧了。 | It's too tight on the shoulders. |
| 我想要小一码。 | Could I get this in a smaller size? |
| 能拿一双小一号的吗？ | Could you bring me a size smaller? |
| 看起来怎么样？ | What do you think? |
| 我再考虑一下。 | I'll think about it. |
| 就要这件。 | I'll take it. |
| 这双我要了，那双我要再想想。 | I'll take these. I'm still deciding on those. |
美式与英式尺码
女装：美式 0/2/4/6/8 ≈ 英式 4/6/8/10/12 ≈ 欧码 32/34/36/38/40。鞋码也不同——美 7 ≈ 英 5 ≈ 欧 38。不要凭印象，店里直接量脚或问 What size am I in your sizing?
步骤 3：砍价（仅限可砍价场所）
这是中国学习者最大的认知差异。美国连锁店、商场、品牌店：完全不能砍价。只有以下场景可以砍价：
- 跳蚤市场（flea market）
- 当地小集市（local market、souk、bazaar）
- 家具店、二手车、二手家电（部分美国独立店面也可以）
- 独立旅馆、当地导游、纪念品摊位
在不能砍价的店里说"Can you give me a discount?"，店员只会礼貌地说 Sorry, the price is fixed.——没有冒犯，但你也得不到任何东西。
砍价句型（轻 → 重）
| 程度 | 英文表达 | 含义 |
|---|---|---|
| 极轻 | Is there any wiggle room on the price? | 价格有商量空间吗 |
| 轻 | Could you do a little better on the price? | 能再便宜点吗 |
| 轻 | Is this your best price? | 这是最低价了吗 |
| 中 | Would you take 50? | 50 块行吗（直接报价） |
| 中 | I can do 80, cash. | 我能给 80，现金 |
| 中 | Could you knock off 10 bucks? | 能减 10 块吗 |
| 较重 | That's a bit out of my budget. | 有点超出预算 |
| 较重 | I saw a similar one for less. | 我看到差不多的更便宜 |
| 组合 | If I take both, could you do a deal? | 两个一起买能优惠吗 |
| 结束 | Let me think about it. | 我再想想 (走开通常会被叫回) |
砍价对话演练
砍价不能撕脸——全程要带笑、不急不躁。"Let me think about it" 是核武器：往店外走两步，摊主多半会喊回来给你最低价。但如果摊主直接说 Have a nice day 而不挽留，说明那真是底价了。
步骤 4：付款
| 中文意图 | 英文表达 |
|---|---|
| 我能用信用卡吗？ | Do you take cards? |
| 能刷 Apple Pay 吗？ | Do you take Apple Pay? |
| 能开发票吗？ | Could I get a receipt? |
| 请帮我打包好。 | Could you wrap it up nicely? |
| 这是礼物。 | It's a gift. |
| 能用礼品袋装吗？ | Could I get a gift bag? |
| 不需要袋子，谢谢。 | I don't need a bag, thanks. |
| 我要袋子。 | Could I get a bag? |
| 能加入会员吗？ | Could I sign up for the rewards program? |
| 这件能减税吗 (旅客)？ | Does this qualify for tax refund? |
card 在英语国家口语里默认指银行卡（信用卡或借记卡）。cash 现金，contactless 闪付。Could I get a bag? 在欧美超市很多收 5 美分–25 美分的塑料袋费——值得问之前先确认 Is the bag free?
步骤 5：退换货
退换货是中国学习者最容易"语气失败"的场景。下面是从下到上的标准流程。
开场
| 中文意图 | 英文表达 |
|---|---|
| 我想退一下这个。 | Hi, I'd like to return this. |
| 我想换一下。 | Hi, I'd like to exchange this. |
| 这是发票。 | Here's the receipt. |
| 这是上周买的。 | I bought it last week. |
说明原因
| 中文意图 | 英文表达 |
|---|---|
| 不太合身。 | It didn't fit. |
| 颜色和我想的不一样。 | The color wasn't quite what I expected. |
| 我老婆已经有一件一样的了。 | My wife already has one like it. |
| 有瑕疵。 | There's a defect on it. |
| 它不工作了。 | It stopped working. |
| 跟描述不一致。 | It's not as described. |
结果协商
| 中文意图 | 英文表达 |
|---|---|
| 我能全额退款吗？ | Could I get a full refund? |
| 能退到原卡吗？ | Can it go back to the original card? |
| 店内信用也可以。 | Store credit is fine. |
| 能换大一码吗？ | Could I exchange it for a larger size? |
| 这个还在保修吗？ | Is this still under warranty? |
| 多久能拿到退款？ | How long until I see the refund? |
不要说 This is broken, I want my money back NOW.——会被解读为攻击性。即使你确实有理，也要软化语气。Hi, I bought this last week and unfortunately it stopped working. Could I get a refund or an exchange? ——同样的诉求，结果完全不同。
超市与日用品
| 中文意图 | 英文表达 |
|---|---|
| 请问 X 在哪个货架？ | Excuse me, which aisle is X in? |
| 我找洗发水。 | I'm looking for shampoo. |
| 有没有买一送一？ | Are there any BOGO deals? |
| 这个会员价是多少？ | What's the member price on this? |
| 这台秤怎么用？ | How does this scale work? |
| 这是过期的吗？ | Has this expired? |
| 请问保质期到什么时候？ | What's the expiration date? |
| 请帮我切一下。 | Could you slice this for me? |
| 请帮我称一下。 | Could you weigh this for me? |
aisle（音 /aɪl/，"l 不发音"）超市过道。BOGO = Buy One Get One，买一送一。
完整对话演练：买一件外套
"我就看看"用 I'm just browsing。问款式用 Do you have this in ...。砍价只在合适场所，且要软化——Is there any wiggle room?。退换永远 Hi, I'd like to return this 开场，然后说原因。语气比内容重要十倍。
本章实操作业
- 用
Do you have this in ...造 5 个真实例句（颜色、尺寸、款式各不相同）。 - 背一段 30 秒的"退货开场白"——包含问候、原因、请求三段。
- 下次去超市，用英语在脑子里默问一次
Excuse me, which aisle is shampoo in?